àíãëèéñêîì ÿçûêå ñóùåñòâóåò òðè îñíîâíûõ âðåìåíè: íàñòîÿùåå, ïðîøåäøåå è áóäóùåå. Êàæäîå èç ýòèõ ...

 àíãëèéñêîì ÿçûêå ñóùåñòâóåò òðè îñíîâíûõ âðåìåíè: íàñòîÿùåå, ïðîøåäøåå è áóäóùåå. Êàæäîå èç ýòèõ âðåìåí äåëèòñÿ íà ÷åòûðå àñïåêòà: ïðîñòîå (simple), ïðîäîëæåííîå (continuous), ñîâåðøåííîå (perfect) è ñîâåðøåííîå ïðîäîëæåííîå (perfect continuous). Âîò êðàòêèé îáçîð âñåõ âðåì¸í:

1. Íàñòîÿùåå âðåìÿ (Present Tense)

• Present Simple: Èñïîëüçóåòñÿ äëÿ îïèñàíèÿ ðåãóëÿðíûõ äåéñòâèé èëè îáùèõ èñòèí.

• Ïðèìåð: "I eat breakfast every day."


• Present Continuous: Èñïîëüçóåòñÿ äëÿ îïèñàíèÿ äåéñòâèé, ïðîèñõîäÿùèõ â äàííûé ìîìåíò.

• Ïðèìåð: "I am eating breakfast now."

• Present Perfect: Èñïîëüçóåòñÿ äëÿ îïèñàíèÿ äåéñòâèé, êîòîðûå ïðîèçîøëè â ïðîøëîì è èìåþò ñâÿçü ñ íàñòîÿùèì.

• Ïðèìåð: "I have eaten breakfast."

• Present Perfect Continuous: Èñïîëüçóåòñÿ äëÿ îïèñàíèÿ äåéñòâèé, êîòîðûå íà÷àëèñü â ïðîøëîì è ïðîäîëæàþòñÿ äî íàñòîÿùåãî ìîìåíòà.

• Ïðèìåð: "I have been eating breakfast for 30 minutes."

2. Ïðîøåäøåå âðåìÿ (Past Tense)

• Past Simple: Èñïîëüçóåòñÿ äëÿ îïèñàíèÿ äåéñòâèé, êîòîðûå çàâåðøèëèñü â ïðîøëîì.

• Ïðèìåð: "I ate breakfast yesterday."

• Past Continuous: Èñïîëüçóåòñÿ äëÿ îïèñàíèÿ äåéñòâèé, êîòîðûå ïðîèñõîäèëè â îïðåäåë¸ííûé ìîìåíò â ïðîøëîì.

• Ïðèìåð: "I was eating breakfast when you called."

• Past Perfect: Èñïîëüçóåòñÿ äëÿ îïèñàíèÿ äåéñòâèé, êîòîðûå çàâåðøèëèñü äî äðóãîãî äåéñòâèÿ â ïðîøëîì.

• Ïðèìåð: "I had eaten breakfast before I left."

• Past Perfect Continuous: Èñïîëüçóåòñÿ äëÿ îïèñàíèÿ äåéñòâèé, êîòîðûå ïðîèñõîäèëè äî äðóãîãî äåéñòâèÿ â ïðîøëîì è ïîä÷åðêèâàåò äëèòåëüíîñòü.

• Ïðèìåð: "I had been eating breakfast for 30 minutes before you arrived."

3. Áóäóùåå âðåìÿ (Future Tense)

• Future Simple: Èñïîëüçóåòñÿ äëÿ îïèñàíèÿ äåéñòâèé, êîòîðûå ïðîèçîéäóò â áóäóùåì.

• Ïðèìåð: "I will eat breakfast tomorrow."

• Future Continuous: Èñïîëüçóåòñÿ äëÿ îïèñàíèÿ äåéñòâèé, êîòîðûå áóäóò ïðîèñõîäèòü â îïðåäåë¸ííûé ìîìåíò â áóäóùåì.

• Ïðèìåð: "I will be eating breakfast at 8 AM."

• Future Perfect: Èñïîëüçóåòñÿ äëÿ îïèñàíèÿ äåéñòâèé, êîòîðûå çàâåðøàòñÿ äî îïðåäåë¸ííîãî ìîìåíòà â áóäóùåì.

• Ïðèìåð: "I will have eaten breakfast by the time you arrive."

• Future Perfect Continuous: Èñïîëüçóåòñÿ äëÿ îïèñàíèÿ äåéñòâèé, êîòîðûå áóäóò ïðîèñõîäèòü äî îïðåäåë¸ííîãî ìîìåíòà â áóäóùåì è ïîä÷åðêèâàåò äëèòåëüíîñòü.

• Ïðèìåð: "I will have been eating breakfast for 30 minutes by the time you arrive."

Èòîã

Òàêèì îáðàçîì, â àíãëèéñêîì ÿçûêå åñòü 12 âðåì¸í, êàæäîå èç êîòîðûõ èìååò ñâîè îñîáåííîñòè è óïîòðåáëåíèå. Ïðàêòèêà è èñïîëüçîâàíèå ýòèõ âðåì¸í ïîìîãóò âàì ëó÷øå ïîíèìàòü è ãîâîðèòü íà àíãëèéñêîì ÿçûêå!