Íåêîòîðûå ðàñïðîñòðàíåííûå ãðàììàòè÷åñêèå îøèáêè â àíãëèéñêîì ÿçûêå, èõ îáúÿñíåíèÿ è ïðèìåðû ...

Íåêîòîðûå ðàñïðîñòðàíåííûå ãðàììàòè÷åñêèå îøèáêè â àíãëèéñêîì ÿçûêå, èõ îáúÿñíåíèÿ è ïðèìåðû èñïðàâëåíèé:

1. Îøèáêà: Íåïðàâèëüíîå èñïîëüçîâàíèå àðòèêëåé

• Îøèáêà: "I saw elephant in the zoo."

• Ïðàâèëüíî: "I saw an elephant in the zoo."

• Îáúÿñíåíèå: Èñïîëüçóéòå "an" ïåðåä ñëîâàìè, íà÷èíàþùèìèñÿ íà ãëàñíûé çâóê, è "the" äëÿ îáîçíà÷åíèÿ êîíêðåòíîãî îáúåêòà.

2. Îøèáêà: Íåïðàâèëüíîå èñïîëüçîâàíèå âðåìåí

• Îøèáêà: "I seen that movie yesterday."

• Ïðàâèëüíî: "I saw that movie yesterday."

• Îáúÿñíåíèå: "Seen" — ýòî òðåòüÿ ôîðìà ãëàãîëà "see", è îíà òðåáóåò âñïîìîãàòåëüíîãî ãëàãîëà "have".

3. Îøèáêà: Ñîãëàñîâàíèå ïîäëåæàùåãî è ñêàçóåìîãî

• Îøèáêà: "The group of students are going on a trip."

• Ïðàâèëüíî: "The group of students is going on a trip."

• Îáúÿñíåíèå: "Group" — ýòî êîëëåêòèâíîå ñóùåñòâèòåëüíîå è òðåáóåò åäèíñòâåííîãî ÷èñëà.

4. Îøèáêà: Èñïîëüçîâàíèå ìíîæåñòâåííîãî ÷èñëà ñ íåèñ÷èñëÿåìûìè ñóùåñòâèòåëüíûìè

• Îøèáêà: "I have many informations."

• Ïðàâèëüíî: "I have much information."

• Îáúÿñíåíèå: "Information" — íåèñ÷èñëÿåìîå ñóùåñòâèòåëüíîå è íå èìååò ôîðìû ìíîæåñòâåííîãî ÷èñëà.

5. Îøèáêà: Íåïðàâèëüíîå èñïîëüçîâàíèå ïðåäëîãîâ

• Îøèáêà: "I'm good in math."

• Ïðàâèëüíî: "I'm good at math."

• Îáúÿñíåíèå: Íåêîòîðûå ãëàãîëû òðåáóþò îïðåäåëåííûõ ïðåäëîãîâ, êîòîðûå íå âñåãäà ïåðåâîäÿòñÿ äîñëîâíî.

6. Îøèáêà: Ïðîïóñê ìåñòîèìåíèé

• Îøèáêà: "She is smarter than me."

• Ïðàâèëüíî: "She is smarter than I (am)."

• Îáúÿñíåíèå: Â ôîðìàëüíîì àíãëèéñêîì ÿçûêå ñëåäóåò èñïîëüçîâàòü ïîëíóþ ôîðìó ìåñòîèìåíèÿ.

7. Îøèáêà: Íåïðàâèëüíîå èñïîëüçîâàíèå ñðàâíèòåëüíûõ è ïðåâîñõîäíûõ ñòåïåíåé

• Îøèáêà: "He is more taller than his brother."

• Ïðàâèëüíî: "He is taller than his brother."

• Îáúÿñíåíèå: Ñðàâíèòåëüíàÿ ñòåïåíü ñëîâà "tall" óæå ñîäåðæèò ñóôôèêñ "-er", ïîýòîìó "more" íå íóæíî.

8. Îøèáêà: Íåïðàâèëüíîå èñïîëüçîâàíèå "much" è "many"

• Îøèáêà: "There are much people in the park."

• Ïðàâèëüíî: "There are many people in the park."

• Îáúÿñíåíèå: "Many" èñïîëüçóåòñÿ ñ èñ÷èñëÿåìûìè ñóùåñòâèòåëüíûìè, à "much" — ñ íåèñ÷èñëÿåìûìè.

9. Îøèáêà: Íåïðàâèëüíîå èñïîëüçîâàíèå âðåìåíè Present Perfect

• Îøèáêà: "I have gone to the store yesterday."

• Ïðàâèëüíî: "I went to the store yesterday."

• Îáúÿñíåíèå: Åñëè äåéñòâèå ïðîèçîøëî â êîíêðåòíûé ìîìåíò â ïðîøëîì, ñëåäóåò èñïîëüçîâàòü Past Simple.

10. Îøèáêà: Ïåðåïóòàííûå ìåñòîèìåíèÿ

• Îøèáêà: "Me and my friend went to the concert."

• Ïðàâèëüíî: "My friend and I went to the concert."

• Îáúÿñíåíèå:  ôîðìàëüíîì àíãëèéñêîì ñíà÷àëà óïîìèíàåòñÿ äðóãîé ÷åëîâåê, à çàòåì «I».

Èçáåãàÿ ýòèõ ðàñïðîñòðàíåííûõ îøèáîê, ìîæíî çíà÷èòåëüíî óëó÷øèòü ñâîþ ãðàììàòèêó è ÿñíîñòü ðå÷è íà àíãëèéñêîì ÿçûêå!